{"id":16542,"date":"2022-02-27T13:56:15","date_gmt":"2022-02-27T13:56:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/2023.biowars.com\/blog\/?p=16542"},"modified":"2023-03-06T12:01:04","modified_gmt":"2023-03-06T12:01:04","slug":"what-are-microbes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/2023.biowars.com\/blog\/what-are-microbes\/","title":{"rendered":"What Are Microbes? Meet The Tiny Menaces In Your Body!"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Did you know that there are <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencefocus.com\/the-human-body\/human-microbiome\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">39 trillion<\/a> microbes in your body?<\/p>\n<p>That\u2019s an astonishing amount of microscopic creatures. But you might be wondering: what\u00a0are microbes exactly?<\/p>\n<p>In this article, we\u2019ll find out what microbes are, including different types, where they live in the human body and if they\u2019re heroes or villains..<\/p>\n<p>Let\u2019s get started!<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a class=\"mceNonEditable cta-custom\" href=\"https:\/\/2023.biowars.com\/comic\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Read the Biowars comic book!<\/a><\/p>\n<h2>What Are Microbes?<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/2023.biowars.com\/characters\/classification\/microbes-mutants\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Microbes<\/a> , also known as microorganisms, are tiny living organisms that are all around us \u2014 but you can\u2019t see them.<\/p>\n<p>In fact, they\u2019re so small you have to use a microscope to view them!<\/p>\n<p>The five main groups include bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa\u00a0and archaea.<\/p>\n<h3>10 Fun Facts About Microbes<\/h3>\n<p>Before we dive deeper into the world of microbes, here are 10 fun facts worth knowing about these tiny organisms:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/naturalhistory.si.edu\/education\/teaching-resources\/life-science\/early-life-earth-animal-origins\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">3.7 billion years ago<\/a>, microbes first set their foot (more specifically, their flagellum) on Earth and evidence of their existence were found in rocks.<\/li>\n<li>Microbes aren\u2019t picky eaters\u2014they eat everything! This includes sunlight, sulfur, nitrogen, the nutrients in our bodies that we can\u2019t break down and even their fellow microorganisms.<\/li>\n<li>Bacteria loves living rent-free in a person\u2019s gut, making it their favorite spot<\/li>\n<li>Microbes produce at least 50% of the air we breathe<\/li>\n<li>Compared to dry hands, more bacteria can be found in wet hands since it thrives in damp environments.<\/li>\n<li>Forget cleaning your earwax on the daily. Earwax or cerumen has antimicrobial properties that reduce microbe build-up in the ears.<\/li>\n<li>Microbes can survive anywhere as long as sulfur is available<\/li>\n<li>Microbes can play both roles of good cop and bad cop. In fact, they can help us fight against infection by acting as a physical barrier. But ironically, microbes can also make you sick.<\/li>\n<li>Without microbes, cheese wouldn\u2019t exist!<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a class=\"mceNonEditable cta-custom\" href=\"https:\/\/2023.biowars.com\/characters\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Meet the Bioverse characters!<\/a><\/p>\n<h2>What Are The Types Of Microbes?<\/h2>\n<p>Now that you have a better understanding of what these miniature life forms are, it\u2019s time to get up close and personal with the different types.<\/p>\n<h3>1. Bacteria<\/h3>\n<p>Bacteria is the first microbe known to exist. It was first observed by Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek, the father of microbiology in 1676.<\/p>\n<p>And just like <a href=\"https:\/\/2023.biowars.com\/characters\/raze\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Raze<\/a> , the wicked bacterium in the Biowars universe, bacteria is a prokaryote with one-celled microorganisms that don\u2019t have a <a href=\"https:\/\/2023.biowars.com\/blog\/functions-of-nucleus\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">nucleus<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><b>Bacteria can be found everywhere:<\/b> in hot springs, oceans, soil, the Earth\u2019s crust and most importantly, the human body.<\/p>\n<p>While some bacteria can make us sick, the good news is that there are also the good guys who keep our digestive system clean by breaking down our food. We\u2019ll dive deeper into that later!<\/p>\n<p><b>Bacteria can be sub-categorized according to its shape into five groups:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><i>Cocci<\/i>: spherical or round in shape<\/li>\n<li><i>Bacilli<\/i>: rod-shaped<\/li>\n<li><i>Spirilla:<\/i> spiral-shaped<\/li>\n<li><i>Vibrios:<\/i> comma-shaped<\/li>\n<li><i>Spirochaetes:<\/i> corkscrew-shaped<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Examples of bacteria include <i>Lactobacillus<\/i> and <i>Salmonella<\/i>.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_16545\" style=\"width: 378px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-16545\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-16545 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/2023.biowars.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/what-are-microbes-raze.jpg\" alt=\"Raze is a Z-Kron bacterium from the Bioverse. Image used in the &quot;What Are Microbes&quot; blog post.\" width=\"368\" height=\"388\" srcset=\"https:\/\/2023.biowars.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/what-are-microbes-raze.jpg 368w, https:\/\/2023.biowars.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/what-are-microbes-raze-285x300.jpg 285w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 368px) 100vw, 368px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-16545\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">As an invasive bacterium that carries a deadly virus within, Raze is a threat to the Bioverse.<\/p><\/div>\n<h3>2. Viruses<\/h3>\n<p>Viruses are pesky organisms formed by genetic code of either DNA or RNA that is coated by protein.<\/p>\n<p>These organisms were found by Dmitry Ivanovsky when he was studying a diseased tobacco plant in 1887.<\/p>\n<p><b>Surprisingly, unlike bacteria, viruses aren\u2019t cellular organisms. <\/b>This makes them dependent on a host, which can include people, animals or plants.<\/p>\n<p><b>Considered the smallest of all microbes,<\/b> viruses range from 5 to 300 nanometers, compared to bacteria, which measure in 200 to 300 nanometers.<\/p>\n<p>How small is that exactly? 500 million rhinoviruses, which<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0 <\/span>cause the common cold, can fit into a pinhead!<\/p>\n<p><i>Ebola<\/i> virus and variola virus are some examples of viruses.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_16551\" style=\"width: 910px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-16551\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-16551 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/2023.biowars.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/types-of-microbes-virus.jpg\" alt=\"Viruses are a type of microbes. Image used in the &quot;What Are Microbes&quot; blog post.\" width=\"900\" height=\"550\" srcset=\"https:\/\/2023.biowars.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/types-of-microbes-virus.jpg 900w, https:\/\/2023.biowars.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/types-of-microbes-virus-300x183.jpg 300w, https:\/\/2023.biowars.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/types-of-microbes-virus-768x469.jpg 768w, https:\/\/2023.biowars.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/types-of-microbes-virus-440x269.jpg 440w, https:\/\/2023.biowars.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/types-of-microbes-virus-635x388.jpg 635w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-16551\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Viruses are the smallest of microbes and range from 5 to 300 nanometers<\/p><\/div>\n<h3>3. Fungi<\/h3>\n<p>Next on our list are fungi, multicellular (plant-like) organisms which were discovered by the father of mycology (study of fungi), Heinrich Anton de Bary in 1866.<\/p>\n<p><b>A fungus is a special type of microbe.<\/b> While fungi are considered plant-like since they share characteristics similar to plants with their root-like structures, they don\u2019t produce their own food from the sun like plants do.<\/p>\n<p>Instead, they get their food and nutrients from people or decaying plants and animals.<\/p>\n<p>Fungi love to thrive in damp and warm places. But you\u00a0can also find them\u00a0in the air, soil, on plants and in you!<\/p>\n<p>Examples of fungi include mushrooms and yeast.<\/p>\n<h3>4. Protozoa<\/h3>\n<p>Protozoa are single-celled eukaryotic organisms that have a nucleus, making them more complex in structure compared to their neighbors, archaea and bacteria.<\/p>\n<p>Protozoa and bacteria share the same founder, Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek.<\/p>\n<p>What makes protozoa interesting is that they can reproduce either sexually or asexually, by budding or fission.<\/p>\n<p>Protozoa are mobile in nature, so expect to find them in most habitats, including freshwater, soil and even inside the human body.<\/p>\n<p>Amoeba and Euglena are common examples of protozoa.<\/p>\n<h3>5. Archaea<\/h3>\n<p>Archaea are single-celled organisms that share characteristics with their fellow prokaryote, bacteria.<\/p>\n<p>Like bacteria, archaea lack membrane-bound organelles\u00a0and a nucleus.<\/p>\n<p>However, they have characteristics that set them apart since bacteria has a lipid bilayer, while archaea have only one layer.<\/p>\n<p>Archaea were discovered by scientists at the University of Illinois in 1977.<\/p>\n<p>Apart from residing in our gut or skin, archaea are extremophiles or living organisms that can survive in extreme environments. <b>They live in deep murky waters, salt deposits and even the Antarctic ice!<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Some examples of archaea include <i>Aeropyrum pernix a<\/i>nd <i>Metallosphaera sedula.<\/i><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a class=\"mceNonEditable cta-custom\" href=\"https:\/\/2023.biowars.com\/blog\/3-biowarriors-we-are-thankful-for-this-flu-season\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">How do the BioWarriors fight the flu? Read here!<\/a><\/p>\n<h2>Why Are Microbes Important To The Environment?<\/h2>\n<p>Since we\u2019ve discussed how these microscopic organisms\u00a0play an important role to humans, it\u2019s important to note how they can help with the environment as well.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Oxygen production:<\/b> Blue-green algae or cyanobacteria perform photosynthesis by using water, carbon dioxide and sunshine. And when photosynthesis is conducted, oxygen is produced.<\/li>\n<li><b>Decomposition: <\/b>Microbes play a crucial role in the ecosystem since they break down dead and decaying organisms, a process that is required for plants to grow and be healthy!<\/li>\n<li><b>Bioremediation:\u00a0<\/b>This is a process where microbes are used to reduce water and soil pollution by altering their environmental conditions.<b>\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Where Do Microbes Live In The Human Body?<\/h2>\n<p>Wondering which parts of the human body microorganisms favor?<b> Here are 10\u00a0places they love to hang out\u00a0and live rent-free.<\/b><\/p>\n<h3>1. Gut<\/h3>\n<p>First on our list is the gut,<b> a microbe\u2019s favorite home!<\/b><\/p>\n<p>But more than being a\u00a0favorite community for microorganisms, the gut plays a crucial role in the first line of defense by creating a wall that blocks unwanted visitors and providing support to the immune system.<\/p>\n<p>More on this later when we talk about microbes and our digestive system!<\/p>\n<h3>2. Mouth<\/h3>\n<p>Remember when we said that microbes love warm places?<\/p>\n<p><b>Well, the mouth is the perfect playground for them! <\/b>Our tongue, gums and teeth are also a plus since microbes can stick to them as well.<\/p>\n<h3>3. Skin<\/h3>\n<p>Before you blame your acne infections on <i>Propionibacterium acnes, <\/i>the skin bacteria that contributes to pimples, hear us out!<\/p>\n<p>Not all microorganisms that thrive on the skin are troublesome. Some of them that dwell on skin produce molecules that form a physical barrier against the bad guys.<\/p>\n<p>According to a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5834004\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">2018<\/a> study, <b> <i>Staphylococcus epidermis <\/i>found on the skin can even protect skin from cancer.<\/b><\/p>\n<h3>4. Eyes<\/h3>\n<p>Thanks to your eyes being moist 24\/7, it\u2019s no surprise that the conjunctiva (the tissue inside the eyelid) and cornea (the transparent layer that protects the eye) are home to microbes.<\/p>\n<p>A severe eye infection that can occur is endophthalmitis or infection inside the eye. This is caused by the\u00a0<i>Staphylococcus<\/i>\u00a0species or fungi\u00a0<i>Candida.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>So the next time you apply your contact lenses, make sure you clean them first to prevent severe infections.<\/p>\n<h3>5. Nose<\/h3>\n<p>The nasal cavity is warm, damp and dark, so you can bet microbes love to live rent-free in there, too.<\/p>\n<p>The good news is that a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.science.org\/content\/article\/these-bacteria-have-adapted-life-your-nose-and-may-be-good-news\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">recent<\/a> study found <b>nasal microbiomes can help fight off allergies and even chronic sinus inflammation.<\/b><\/p>\n<h3>6. Ears<\/h3>\n<p>Aside from earwax, your middle ear is home to a diverse community of microorganisms that may cause ear inflammation and infections.<\/p>\n<p>The intruders that can enter the middle ear include <i>Haemophilus pneumoniae<\/i>, <i>Streptococci<\/i>, <i>Moraxella catarrhalis<\/i>, and in rare occasions, the Mycobacterium.<\/p>\n<p>They can get to your middle ear by travelling through the Eustachian tube (the pathway that connects the middle ear to the throat) and the nasopharynx, the upper part of the throat, just behind your nose.<\/p>\n<h3>7. Tonsils<\/h3>\n<p>Have you ever had a tonsil infection? If it wasn\u2019t a virus that<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0 <\/span>caused the infection, the bacteria <i>Streptococcus pyogenes <\/i>is most likely the culprit behind it.<\/p>\n<p>But let\u2019s look on the brighter side.<\/p>\n<p><b>Tonsils have a cool method of fighting off a body infection, by trapping intruders that pass through your mouth or nose:<\/b> they produce antibodies that prevent further harm with help from the good guys!<\/p>\n<h3>8. Lungs<\/h3>\n<p>If you think microbes can\u2019t creep into your lungs, think again!<\/p>\n<p>Thanks to the lungs\u2019 coating that\u2019s primarily designed to help transfer oxygen to the blood stream, microorganisms that reside in the lungs are fewer than those in your gut.<\/p>\n<p>The top bacteria found in\u00a0the lungs are Streptococcus that causes bacterial pneumonia and\u00a0<i>Prevotella\u00a0<\/i>that can cause respiratory infections such as pulmonary empyema.<\/p>\n<h3>9. Genitals<\/h3>\n<p>You can\u2019t avoid it. Microbes aren\u2019t spared from thriving in the\u00a0genitals\u2014and for a good reason!<\/p>\n<p>They are essential in keeping the environment balanced to help prevent infections.<\/p>\n<h3>10. Belly Button<\/h3>\n<p>Surprise, surprise. The belly button is home to a jungle of microbes: <b>2,300 different kinds of bacteria to be exact!<\/b><\/p>\n<p>But don\u2019t worry \u2014 most of them are harmless.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a class=\"mceNonEditable cta-custom\" href=\"https:\/\/2023.biowars.com\/explore\/did-you-know\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Looking for more interesting facts about the human body? Find them here!<\/a><\/p>\n<h2>Microbes And Your Digestive System<\/h2>\n<p>Among the many activities in our human body, digestion is one of the more complex processes that probiotics or good bacteria contribute greatly to.<\/p>\n<p>Digestion is the process of turning the food you eat into nutrients.<\/p>\n<p>It is a complex process of breaking down large, insoluble food molecules into smaller, water-soluble food molecules.<\/p>\n<p><b>Without bacteria, digestion wouldn\u2019t be possible!<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Lactobacillus, the good kind of bacteria, does a great job of ensuring that the food we eat in the acidic walls of our intestines are digested properly.<\/p>\n<p>When carbohydrates enter our intestines, Lactobacillus helps digest them.<\/p>\n<p>Lactobacillus also helps digest sugar found in dairy products. And when the bacteria anaerobically respire, they produce lactic acid, which keeps the pH in our gut acidic.<\/p>\n<p>Acid prevents bad bacteria or pathogens from surviving in our gut and ultimately helps prevent<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0 <\/span>bacterial infections.<\/p>\n<p>Lactobacillus also helps prevent an overgrowth of yeast<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span>in your gut, which can cause health issues, including an infection.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_16552\" style=\"width: 910px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-16552\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-16552 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/2023.biowars.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/microbes-and-digestive-system.jpg\" alt=\"Microbes are important for digestion. Image used in the &quot;What Are Microbes?&quot; blog post.\u200b\" width=\"900\" height=\"550\" srcset=\"https:\/\/2023.biowars.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/microbes-and-digestive-system.jpg 900w, https:\/\/2023.biowars.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/microbes-and-digestive-system-300x183.jpg 300w, https:\/\/2023.biowars.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/microbes-and-digestive-system-768x469.jpg 768w, https:\/\/2023.biowars.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/microbes-and-digestive-system-440x269.jpg 440w, https:\/\/2023.biowars.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/microbes-and-digestive-system-635x388.jpg 635w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-16552\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Microbes help with the complex process of digestion, the process of turning the food you eat into nutrients.<\/p><\/div>\n<h2>Microbes: The Good Guys vs. The Bad Guys<\/h2>\n<p>Have you ever been sick with the flu? If so, that was caused by a virus.<\/p>\n<p>Microbes have a bit of a bad reputation, since diseases including pneumonia, meningitis and food poisoning are all caused by bad bacteria.<\/p>\n<p><b>These tiny menaces are the reason why you have to wash your hands and clean your home \u2014 especially in high-risk areas such as the bathroom and kitchen, where microbes thrive in.<\/b><b>\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<p>But, the human body is a vault that keeps many surprising and interesting secrets.<\/p>\n<p><b>Ultimately,<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0 <\/span>not all bacteria are bad guys.<\/b><\/p>\n<p>From helping you digest food and even, cultivating foods such as cheese and bread, to producing essential vitamins in the intestinal tract such as niacin, folic acid, and vitamins B12 and B6, good bacteria are essential to the human body.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a class=\"mceNonEditable cta-custom\" href=\"https:\/\/2023.biowars.com\/blog\/good-bacteria-vs-bad-bacteria\/)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Want to know more about good bacteria vs. bad bacteria? Read here!<\/a><\/p>\n<h2>What Are Microbes? Key Takeaways<\/h2>\n<p>Whether you treat microbes as your friend or archnemesis, we can\u2019t deny that they are essential to human life.<\/p>\n<p>From playing a vital role in digestion to making food we enjoy including cheese and bread, life wouldn\u2019t be as we know it if these little creatures\u00a0didn\u2019t exist!<\/p>\n<p><b>What is your favorite fact about microbes? Let us know in the comment section below!<\/b><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Did you know that there are 39 trillion microbes in your body? That\u2019s an astonishing amount of microscopic creatures. But you might be wondering: what\u00a0are microbes exactly? In this article, we\u2019ll find out what microbes are, including different types, where they live in the human body and if they\u2019re heroes or villains.. Let\u2019s get started! [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":16550,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[525,78,396],"tags":[101,425,42],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v19.10 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>What Are Microbes? Meet The Tiny Menaces In Your Body!<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"What are microbes? We\u2019ll explore the types, where they live in the human body and decide if they\u2019re doing more harm than good!\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/2023.biowars.com\/blog\/what-are-microbes\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"What Are Microbes? 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